Soviet Satellite Country Ammunition - Czechoslovakia (Part 7)

           

Examination of Czechoslovakian Ammunition Production/Inventory

100mm Complete Round, Separate Loading, HE, OCG Model 15
(10-cm OCG Vz. 15)

The high-explosive round illustrated above is fired from the Czech 100-mm mountain howitzer M16/19 and the Czech 100-mm light field howitzer M14/19.  The mountain howitzer M16/19 is also used by the Rumanian Army, which also may hold Czech-manufactured ammunition for the weapon.  This round uses the combination fuze Vz. 15.

The steel projectile is unpainted, with red markings.  A red band around the center of the projectile indicates the use of a combination fuze.  The cartridge case is made of brass; propellent and manufacturing data are stamped and stenciled on the cartridge case base.


Characteristics
Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)
Weight of complete round: 15.97kg (35.2 lb)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 13.7 kg (30.2 lb)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 1.3 kg (2.8 lb)

Type of projectile filler: Pressed TNT

Weight of projectile filler: ? kg (? lb)

Packaging

No photo available

This ammunition is packed three projectiles and three cartridge cases to a wooden box.  The box has a hinged lid and three hasps.  Carrying handles are provided at each end of the box.

100mm Complete Round, Separate Loading, HE, OCG Model 21
(10-cm OCG Vz. 21)

The high-explosive round illustrated above is fired from the Czech 100-mm mountain howitzer M16/19 and the Czech 100-mm light field howitzer M14/19.  The mountain howitzer M16/19 is also used by the Rumanian Army, which also may hold Czech-manufactured ammunition for the weapon.  This round uses the combination fuze Vz. 21.

The steel projectile is unpainted, with red markings.  A red band around the center of the projectile indicates the use of a combination fuze.  The cartridge case is made of brass; stamped and stenciled markings on the base of the cartridge case give propellent and manufacturing data.


Characteristics
Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)
Weight of complete round: 18.33kg (40.39 lb)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 16 kg (35.3 lb)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)

Type of projectile filler: Pressed TNT

Weight of projectile filler: ? kg (? lb)

Packaging

No photo available

This ammunition is packed three projectiles and three cartridge cases to a wooden box.  The box has a hinged lid and carrying handles.

100mm Complete Round, Separate Loading, HE, OMG Model 21
(10-cm OMG Vz. 21)

The high-capacity high-explosive round illustrated above is fired from the Czech 100-mm mountain howitzer M16/19 and the Czech 100-mm light field howitzer M14/19.  The mountain howitzer M16/19 is also used by the Rumanian Army, which also may hold Czech-manufactured ammunition for the weapon may be encountered in Rumania.  This illustrated round uses a base detonating fuze of an unidentified model.

The steel projectile is unpainted, with red markings.  A red band around the center of the projectile indicates the use of a combination fuze.  The cartridge case is made of brass; propellent and manufacturing data are stamped and stenciled on the cartridge case base.


Characteristics
Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)
Weight of complete round: 18.33kg (40.39 lb)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 16 kg (35.3 lb)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)

Type of projectile filler: Pressed TNT

Weight of projectile filler: ? kg (? lb)

Packaging

No photo available

This ammunition is packed three projectiles and three cartridge cases to a wooden box.  The box is made of wood and has a hinged lid.

100mm Complete Round, Separate Loading, HE, OCG Model 30
(10-cm OCG Vz. 30)

The above-illustrated round is fired from the Czech 100-mm field howitzer M30, the Czech 100-mm light field howitzer M16/19, and the Yugoslav 100-mm light field howitzer Model 28.  The  Czech 100-mm field howitzer M30 is also used by Rumania, and Czech ammunition for this weapon may consequently be encounter in Rumania.

This round uses combination fuze UG-SKR or combination fuze UG-CR.  The steel projectile is unpainted, with red markings.  A red band around the center of the projectile signifies the use of a combination fuze.  The cartridge case is made of brass.  Markings may be found on the base of the cartridge case.

Characteristics
Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)
Weight of complete round: 18.48kg (40.74 lb)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 16 kg (35.3 lb)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)

Type of projectile filler: Poured TNT

Weight of projectile filler: 1.6 kg (3.5 lb)

Packaging

No photo available

This ammunition is packed three complete rounds to a wooden box.  The box has a hinged lid and carrying handles attached to each end of the box.

100mm Complete Round, Separate Loading, HE, ONG Model 30
(10-cm ONG Vz. 30)

This high-explosive round is fired from the Czech 100-mm light field howitzer M30 and uses point detonating impact fuze Model SKHZR or Model CHZR.  The 100-mm light field howitzer is in use in the Rumanian Army, and Czech ammunition for the weapon may also be found in Rumania.

The steel projectile is unpainted, with red markings.  The cartridge case is made of brass; propellent markings, manufacturer's symbol, and date of manufacture are found stenciled and stamped on the base of the cartridge case.

Characteristics
Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)
Weight of complete round: 18.48kg (40.74 lb)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 16 kg (35.3 lb)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)

Type of projectile filler: Pressed TNT

Weight of projectile filler: ? kg (? lb)

Packaging

No photo available

This ammunition is packed three projectiles and three cartridge cases to a wooden box.  The box is made of wood and has a hinged lid.

Next Time: Soviet Satellite Country Ammunition - Czechoslovakia (Part 8)

Source: Original US-supplied Canadian Manual on Soviet & Soviet Satellite Explosives (No. 30-14-2)

Italian Explosive Ordnance - 100mm and 105mm Projectiles

Italian Explosive Ordnance

  

100mm HE

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Nose Percussion Fuze M10 or Guerritore I.M35, I.M38, or I.M40

Overall length (w/ fuze): 386 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 372 mm
Diameter at base: 99 mm
Distance base to band: 15 mm
Width of band: 13 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: TNT
Weight of filling: 1.285 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 12.7 kilograms
Booster used: No.3 M38






100/17mm HE M32

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Nose Percussion Fuze M10

Overall length (w/ fuze): 454 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 440 mm
Diameter at base: 86 mm
Distance base to band: 55 mm
Width of band: 16 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: TNT
Weight of filling: 2.218 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 13.49 kilograms
Booster used: No.2 M38

  

100mm ADE HE

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Nose Fuze A.D.E. M12

Overall length (w/ fuze): 399 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 341 mm
Diameter at base: 99 mm
Distance base to band: 40 mm
Width of band: 13 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: TNT, MBT, MAT, or Pertite
Weight of filling: 1.312 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 12.93 kilograms
Booster used: No.3 M38

Remarks: This projectile is fuzed for aerial burst or impact.




100/17mm ADE HE M32 and M36

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing:
-M32: Nose Fuze ADE M32
-M36: Nose Fuze ADE M36

Overall length (w/o fuze): 379.7 mm
Overall length (w/ fuze):
-M32: 474.7 mm
-M36: 479.9 mm

Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: 55 mm
Width of band: 16 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: TNT
Weight of filling: 1.57 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 13.375 kilograms
Booster used: No.3 M38





100mm EP (Hollow Charge)

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Base Fuze E.P. M36

Overall length (w/o fuze): 377 mm
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: Unknown
Width of band: Unknown
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: RDX/TNT
Weight of filling: Unknown
Weight of loaded projectile: 12.5 kilograms





100mm EPS (Hollow Charge)

Guns used in: 100/17mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: I.E.P.M.

Overall length: Unknown
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: Unknown
Width of band: Unknown
Diameter at bourrelet: 99.7 mm

Type of filling: Unknown
Weight of filling: Unknown
Weight of loaded projectile: 12.5 kilograms

105/28mm HE (Practice and Incendiary)

105mm HE

Guns used in: 105/28mm Gun
Fuzing: Nose Percussion Fuze M10

Overall length (w/ fuze): 418.2 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 404.2 mm
Diameter at base: 104 mm
Distance base to band: 31.5 mm
Width of band: 15 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 104.6 mm

Weight of filling: 1.24 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 15.55 kilograms

105mm Practice
Fuzing: Nose Percussion M35 p.c.
 Weight of filling: 0.3 kilograms

105mm Incendiary
Fuzing: Nose Percussion M35 p.c.
Filling:
-Phosphorus: 1.7 kg
-TNT: 0.09 kg
-Gasoline 1.? kg (Could be a 6 or a 0 due to the quality of the print)
-TNT: 0.07

Note: The print for the "Filling" section is very hard to read.  Apologies.

Remarks: The projectiles differ only in filling and fuzing.  Another modification is cast in one piece instead of having an adapter.

105/28mm HE M32

Guns used in: 105/28mm Light Field Gun, 105/14mm Gun, 105/32mm Gun
Fuzing: Nose Percussion Fuze M10

Overall length (w/ fuze): 469 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 455 mm
Diameter at base: 90 mm
Distance base to band: 58 mm
Width of band: 14.8 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 104.6 mm

Type of filling: TNT
Weight of filling: 2.35 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 16.3 kilograms
Booster used: No.2 M38

105/28mm ADE M32

Guns used in: 105/28mm Light Field Gun, 105/14mm Gun, 105/32mm Gun
Fuzing: Nose Fuze ADE M32 or ADE M36

Overall length (w/ fuze): 510 mm
Overall length (w/o fuze): 415 mm
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: 68 mm
Width of band: 14.8 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 104.6 mm

Type of filling: TNT
Weight of filling: 1.76 kilograms
Weight of loaded projectile: 16.125 kilograms
Booster used: No.2 M38

105mm AP

Guns used in: 105/14mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Unknown

Overall length: 300.5 mm
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: 59.5 mm
Width of band: 18 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: Unknown

Type of filling: Unknown
Weight of filling: Unknown
Weight of loaded projectile: 15.65 kilograms

105/25mm EP (Hollow Charge)

Guns used in: 105/25mm Gun
Fuzing: Unknown

Overall length: Unknown
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: Unknown
Width of band: 18 mm
Diameter at bourrelet: 104.3 mm

Type of filling: Unknown
Weight of filling: Unknown
Weight of loaded projectile: 14 kilograms

Remarks: Little is known about this projectile except that it is a fixed round and is one of the latest types since it was used in 1944.  The cap is 230 mm long.  The rotating band is soft iron instead of copper.

105mm (Hollow Charge) M43

Guns used in: 105/14mm Light Field Gun
Fuzing: Unknown

Overall length: Unknown
Diameter at base: Unknown
Distance base to band: Unknown
Width of band: Unknown
Diameter at bourrelet: Unknown

Type of filling: Unknown
Weight of filling: Unknown
Weight of loaded projectile: 14 kilograms

Remarks: Little information is available on this projectile since it was one of the latest designs.

Next Time: Italian 120mm Projectiles

Imperial Japanese Navy Ammunition - 100mm and 120mm Projectiles (Part 1)

 

 

 

 

Imperial Japanese Navy Ammunition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10cm (100mm)(3.9 inch) Complete Round (Fixed)

 

Case:

-Length: 32.25 inches

-Diameter: 6.81 inches

-Material: Brass

-Weight (Empty): No Data

 

The case is crimped tightly into a groove in the base of the projectile by a single continuous crimp.

 

Propellant: 20 DE2(?) (Type 93 Mk 2 propellant) 12.7 lbs (5.74kg)

 

Documentary evidence and relationship to other known propellants indicates that this propellant is a double base powder in the form of flat strips.

 

Primer: Mk 2 case percussion primer, Model 4

 

Weapons used in:

-Type 98 10cm/50 dual-purpose gun

-Type 98 10cm/85 dual-purpose, twin

 

The latter is a modern gun, paired in a twin power-driven mount designed especially for anti-aircraft aboard ships.  It has been found ashore, unaltered in the characteristic gun-house mount used aboard ship.

 

Special features of this gun and mount are horizontally opposed sliding breech blocks, full power drive, and automatic fuze setting accomplished as the loading tray moves the round into position to be rammed.  The arrangement for loading and fuze setting, and the general plan of the mount corresponds closely to that of the Type 89 12.7cm/40 twin mount.

 

 

 
 

10cm (100mm)(3.9 inch) High-Explosive Projectile

 

  

Assembled Round:

-Weight of complete round: 62.75 lbs

-Length of complete round, with Type 98 fuze: 46 inches 

 

Projectile:

-Weight of filled projectile (without fuze): 28.19 lbs

-Weight of projectile, empty: 25.06 lbs

Weight stamped on rotating band (sample): 10.88kg (varies with individual projectiles)

-Length of projectile (without fuze): 12.63 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 3.94 inches

-Distance from base to rotating band: 2.69 inches

-Width of rotating band: 1.75 inches

-Radius of ogive: No Data

 

Filling: TNT (Type 92 explosive): 3.13 lbs

 

The charge consists of a single block of explosive cast and sealed in a waxed paper container, encased in a heavy cotton flannel bag and sealed in the projectile with paraffin.

 

Fuzing:

-Type 98 mechanical time fuze (45 seconds)

-Type 88 point detonating fuzes

 

Weapons use in:

-Type 98 10cm/65 dual-purpose gun

-Type 98 10cm/50 dual-purpose gun

   

 

 

 

12cm/Short (120mm)(4.7inch) Complete Round (Fixed)

 

Case:

-Length: 11.19 inches

-Diameter of base: 5.81 inches

-Material: Brass or steel

 

The case is crimped tightly into a groove in the base of the projectile by a single continuous crimp.

 

Propellant: 9 C3 (Type 89 propellant): 1.1 lb (0.5kg)

 

Unperforated cylindrical sticks, approximately 0.9mm by 6-7 inches, amber-coloured double-base powder.

 

The propellant sticks are enclosed in a compartmented bag of heavy brownish silk.

 

Primer: Mk 1 case percussion primer, Model 4

 

Weapon used in: Short 12cm gun

This is a short-barreled (12 caliber) gun of a pedestal mount designed originally for use on the light decks of merchant ships.  The purpose of this weapon is to deliver a relatively heavy projectile at a limited range for anti-submarine attack and to throw up low level anti-aircraft barrage.

  

This gun fires fixed ammunition; the breech block is of the interrupted thread type.  This gun is the lighter-caliber counterpart of the short 20cm gun, which has been found mounted ashore.

  

  

  

  

12cm/Short (120mm)(4.7inch) High-Explosive

 

Assembled Round:

-Weight of complete round: No Data

-Length of complete round (with Type 0 fuze): 24.8 inches

 

Projectile:

-Weight of filled projectile (without fuze): 26 lbs

-Weight of projectile, empty: 20.5 lbs

-Weight stamped on rotating band (sample): 9.34kg (varies with individual projectiles)

 

Dimensions:

-Length of projectile (without fuze): 12.6 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4.7 inches (119.5mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: 1.5 inches

-Width of rotating band: 1 inch

-Radius of ogive: No Data

 

Filling:

-Trinitroanisole (Type 91 explosive): 5.5 lbs

 

The charge consists of a single block of explosive cast and sealed in a waxed paper container, encased in a heavy cotton flannel bag and sealed in the projectile with paraffin.

 

Fuzing:

-Type 0 mechanical time fuze (red-nosed) for AA use

-Type 88 Model 4 point detonating fuze

 

Weapons used in: Short 12cm gun

 

Remarks:

The extremely thing wall of the projectile is possible only by virtue of the low muzzle velocity of the howitzer-like weapon.  The high charge/weight ratio is intended for effectiveness in use as an under-water charge against submarines, though the projectile may also be time-fuzed for anti-aircraft use.

 

  

 

 

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) Complete Round (Semi-fixed)

 

Case:

-Length: 21.63 inches

-Diameter of base: 6.38 inches

-Material: Brass

-Weight (empty): 11.13 lbs

 

Propellant: 30 DC (Type 13 propellant): 11.88 lbs (5.4kg)

 

Unperforated cylindrical sticks, approximately 3mm by 19.4 inches (long sticks) or 6.4 inches (short sticks), amber-coloured double-base powder.  The propellant sticks are enclosed in a bag of heavy brownish silk.

 

Primer: Mk 1 case percussion primer, Model 4

 

Weapons used in:

-Type 3-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

This is a pedestal-mounted deck gun characterized by having three recoil cylinders, all mounted below the tube.  An interrupted thread breech block is hinged to swing horizontally to the right.  This gun has been found both with and without an attached splinter shield.

 

-British Type 12cm/40 gun (low angle)

 

This gun is characterized by having no recoil cylinders above the tube.  An interrupted thread breech block is hinged to swing horizontally to the right.  Guns of original British manufacture as well as Japanese-made copies have been found in Japanese island defenses.

 

The following gun is known to use semi-fixed ammunition strongly resembling that for the two guns listed above, but exact size and description of propellant case is not available.

 

Type 11-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

This gun is unique in having two recoil cylinders above the tube and one below.  The breech block is the horizontal sliding type.

 

 

 

  

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) High-Explosive (Ordinary Mk 3)

 

-Weight of filled projectile (without fuze): 44.75 lbs

-Weight of projectile, empty: 41.14 lbs

-Weight stamped on rotating band (sample): 18.52kg (varies with individual projectiles)

-Length of projectile (without fuze): 15.95 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4.6 inches (119mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: 0.78 inch

-Width of rotating band: 1.95 inches

-Radius of ogive: 4 cal

 

Filling: Cast Picric Acid (Shimose): 3.61 lbs

 

The charge consists of two blocks of explosive cast and sealed in a waxed paper container, encased in a heavy cotton-flannel bag and sealed in the projectile with paraffin.

 

Fuzing:  Type 5-year point detonating fuze

 

Weapons used in:

-British Type 12cm/40 gun (low angle)

-Type 3-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

-Type 11-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

 

 

  

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) High-Explosive (Ordinary Mk 3 Mod 1)

 

-Weight of filled projectile (without fuze): 44.75 lbs

-Weight of projectile, empty: 41.14 lbs

-Weight stamped on rotating band (sample): 18.52kg (Varies with individual projectiles)

-Length of projectile (without fuze or adapter): 14.1 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4.7 inches (119.5mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: 0.78 inch

-Width of rotating band: 1.95 inches

-Radius of Ogive: 4 cal

 

Filling: Cast picric acid (shimose) 3.61 lbs

 

The charge consists of two blocks of explosive cast and sealed in a waxed paper container, encased in a heavy cotton flannel bag and sealed in the projectile with paraffin.

 

Fuzing:

A. With adapter: Type 5-year point detonating fuze

B. Without adapter: Type 88 point detonating fuze

 

This projectile cannot be fuzed with standard mechanical fuzes for AA use because it will not accommodate the auxiliary gaine used with these fuzes.

 

Weapons used in:

-British Type 12cm/40 gun (low angle)

-Type 3-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

-Type 11-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

 

 

 

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) High Explosive (Ordinary Mk 4)

 

 

 

-Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze): No Data

-Weight of projetile, empty: 39.06 lbs

-Weight stamped on rotating band (sample): 17.62 kg (varies with individual projectile)

-Length of projectile (without fuze): 13.94 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4.7 inches (119.5mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: 1.19 inches

-Width of rotating band: 1.25 inches

-Radius of ogive: No Data

 

Filling: Picric acid (shimose): No Data

 

Fuzing:

-Type 91 mechanical time fuze

-Type 88 point detonating fuze

 

Weapons used in:

-British Type 12cm gun (low angle)

-Type 3-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

 

 

 

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) Common Projectile

 

 

-Weight of filled projectile (with fuze): 45.12 lbs

-Weight of empty projectile: 40.56 lbs

-Length of projectile: 16.39 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4.7 inches (119.5mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: 1.19 inches

-Width of rotating band: 1.25 inches

-Radius of ogive: No Data

 

Filling: Picric acid (Shimose): No Data

 

Fuzing: Type 3-year Mk 1 base fuze

 

Weapons used in:

-British Type 12cm/40 gun (low angle)

-Type 3-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

-Type 11-year 12cm/45 gun (low angle)

 

 

 

 

12cm (120mm)(4.7inch) Illuminating Projectile

 

 

-Weight of filled projectile: 44 lbs

-Weight of empty projectile: No Data

-Weight stamped on rotating band: No Data

-Length of projectile (without fuze): 13 and 13/16 inches

-Diameter at bourrelet: 4 and 11/16 inches (119mm)

-Distance from base to rotating band: No Data

-Width of rotating band: 1 and 15/16 inches

-Radius of ogive: No Data

 

Filling: Expelling charge (black powder): 0.5 oz

 

Illuminant:  There are 10 pyrotechnic cylinders arranged in two layers of 5 cylinders each.  A cylinder is formed of a tough waxed cardboard tube containing a silver pyrotechnic mixture in thee center and a reddish-brown pyrotechnic mixture in either end.

 

Weight (each cylinder): 5.4 oz

 

Analysis of illuminant:

-Barium nitrate: 35.6%

-Potassium nitrate: 10.4%

-Magnesium: 38%

-Wax: 13.9%

-Carbon: 0.8%

-Sulphur: 1.3%

 

Analysis of first fire compound:

-Potassium nitrate: 63.2%

-Iron oxide: 3.8%

-Aluminium oxide: 1.1%

-Sulphur: 8.2%

-Wax: 5.5%

-Glass: 6.1%

-Carbon: 12.1%

 

Cylinder metal frame:

This frame fills the cavity of the projectile and is positioned by studs.  There are three metal discs attached to a central spindle which provides a method of functioning and serves to support the pyrotechnic increments.  Arranged about the circumference of this frame are two layers of five steel wedges which position the pyrotechnic increments within the frame.

 

Fuzing: 30-second time fuze

 

Weapons used in:

-Type 11-year 12cm/45

-Type 3-year 12cm/45

 

Operation:  When the fuze functions, the flash from the black powder magazine ignites a small black powder charge in the nose of the projectile, which in turn ignites the powder trains in the central spindle.  The flash from this train ignites the powder trains in the three discs and thus the ten increments and the ejecting charge.  As the cylinder is blown from the case, it shears the studs and forces the nose and body of the projectile apart.

 

 

 

 

Next Time:  120mm Projectiles (Part 2)

Soviet Explosive Ordnance - 85mm and 100mm Projectiles

85mm and 100mm Artillery and Tank Gun Projectiles


85mm Complete Round, Fixed, Frag, UO-365K

This fragmentation round is fired from the 85mm anti-aircraft gun M1939, from the 85mm tank guns M1943 (D-5T85) and M1944 (ZIS-S53), from the 85mm self-propelled gun M1943 (D5-S85 and D5-S85A), and from the 85mm divisional gun M1945 (?).  It is possibly also fired from the 85mm AA gun M1944.  It is used against personnel, equipment, and aerial targets.
 

The KTM-1 fuze is used in the O-365K fragmentation projectile of this round.
 

The following complete rounds are variants of the illustrated round: UO-365, with an O-365 projectile using a T-5 or T-11 time fuze; and UO-365M, with an O-365M projectile using a VM-2 time fuze.  These variants differ from the UO-365K primarily in their use of time fuzes and in their markings; they are otherwise very similar to the UO-365K in their external appearance, and they are fired from the same weapons.

 

Characteristics

Caliber: 85mm (3.35 in)

Weight of complete round: 15.1kg (33.22 lbs)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 9.58kg (21.11 lbs)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 2.63kg (5.79 lbs)

Type of projectile filler: TNT

Weight of projectile filler: 0.78kg (1.71 lbs)

 

Packaging

The illustrated packing box has a capacity of four rounds, with an estimated gross weight of about 76kg (167 lbs).  This ammunition also may be found in three-round packing boxes.  The ammunition may be packed with or without fuzes.

85mm Complete Round, Fixed, AP-T, UBR-365K

This round is fired from the 85mm anti-aircraft gun M1939, from the 85mm tank guns M1943 (D-5T85) and M1944 (ZIS-S53), from the 85mm self-propelled gun M1943 (D5-S85 and D5-S85A), and from the 85mm divisional gun M1945 (?). It is possibly also fired from the 85mm AA gun M1944. It is used against such ground targets as tanks, armored trains, and armored or reinforced concrete structures.  Its projectile contain a small base cavity filled with high-explosive.

 

The MD-8 fuze is used with the BR-365K armor-piercing tracer projectile of this round.
 

The UBR-365 complete round, with a BR-365 projectile using an MD-8 fuze, is a variant of the illustrated round.  It differs from the UBR-365K in that the projectile is flat-nose and provided with a windshield.  It is fired from the same weapons.
 

The same complete round as shown in the above drawing has been found with projectile BR-365K and fuze MD-8 but with the identification code UBZR-365K stenciled on the cartridge case.  Although this code signifies an API-T complete round, analysis of the actual round discloses that the projectile filler does not differ from that in the UBR-365K round.

Characteristics

Caliber: 85mm (3.35 in)

Weight of complete round: 15.87kg (35 lbs)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 9.21kg (20.3 lbs)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 2.48kg (5.47 lbs)

Type of projectile filler: RDX and aluminum (74/22)

Weight of projectile filler: 0.16kg (0.35 lbs)

Packaging

The illustrated container has a capacity of 3 rounds, with a gross weight of approximately 63kg (139 lbs).  This ammunition may also be found in packing boxes of four rounds.  The gross weight may be shown on the side of the box, in the lower right-hand corner, by the marking БРУТТО 65 КГ (gross weight 65 kg).

85mm Complete Round, Fixed, HVAP-T, UBR-365P

 

This high-velocity armor-piercing tracer round is fired from the 85mm anti-aircraft gun M1939, from the 85mm tank guns M1943 (D-5T85) and M1944 (ZIS-S53), from the 85mm self-propelled gun M1943 (D5-S85 and D5-S85A), and from the 85mm divisional gun M1945 (?). It is possibly also fired from the 85mm AA gun M1944. It is used against tanks, other types of armoured vehicles, and armoured fortifications.
 

Its projectile is a solid shot with a tungsten carbide core.  A windshield is threaded onto the forward end of the projectile body.
 

No fuze is used with the BR-365P high-velocity armor-piercing tracer projectile of this round.
 

 Note.  Stamped numbers shown on the body of the projectile in the above illustration were taken from an actual projectile.  They are believed to identify the projectile by manufacturing plant, lot number, and year of manufacture.  It is possible that one of the four numbers may be a smelt number.  These projectiles also have been found with only three stamped numbers, instead of the four shown above.  The identification code number which is stenciled on all other types of projectiles apparently does not appear on HVAP projectiles.

  

Characteristics

Caliber: 85mm (3.35 in)

Weight of complete round: 11.63kg (25.62 lbs)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 4.95kg (10.92 lbs)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 2.89kg (6.38 lbs)

Type of projectile filler: Tungsten Carbide

Weight of projectile filler: 0.62kg (1.38 lbs)
 
 

Packaging

The illustrated packing box has a capacity of 3 rounds, with an estimated gross weight of 44kg (97 lbs).  This ammunition also may be found in four-round containers.  The gross weight may be stenciled on the packing box, in the form of БРУТТО 44 КГ.  The Cyrillic abbreviation ПОДКАЛ, which means that the packing box contains "subcaliber" (HVAP) ammunition, may also appear on the box.

100mm Complete Round, Fixed, HE, UF-412
 

 

Known guns from which this high-explosive round is fired include the 100mm field (anti-tank) gun M1944 (BS-3), and the 100mm self-propelled gun M1944 (D-10S), which is mounted on the SU-100.

 
This projectile has a relatively thin-walled casing and a large bursting charge.

The RGM fuze is used with the F-412 projectile in this round.

 

Characteristics

Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)

Weight of complete round: 30kg (66 lbs) (estimated)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 15.9kg (35.05 lbs)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 5.47kg (12.04 lbs)

Type of projectile filler: TNT

Weight of projectile filler: 2.16kg (4.76 lbs)

 

Packaging

 

The illustrated wooden box has a capacity of 2 rounds, with an estimated gross weight of about 77kg (169 lbs).  The gross weight may be stenciled on the box in the form БРУТТО 77 КГ.
 

Note. The dimensions on the above drawing have not been verified.

100mm Complete Round, Fixed, AP-T, UBR-412

 

Known guns from which this armor-piercing tracer round is fired include the 100mm field (anti-tank) gun M1944 (BS-3), and the 100mm self-propelled gun M1944 (D-10S), which is mounted on the SU-100.
 

It is used against such targets as tanks, armoured trains, and armoured or reinforced concrete structures.  Its projectile contains a small base cavity filled with high-explosive.
 

The MD-8 fuze is used with the BR-412 projectile in this round.

 

Characteristics

Caliber: 100mm (3.94 in)

Weight of complete round: 30kg (67 lbs)

Weight of projectile, as fired: 15.7kg (34.59 lbs)

Weight of propellant, w/o igniter: 5.47kg (12.04 lbs)

Type of projectile filler: TNT

Weight of projectile filler: 0.6kg (1.31 lbs)

 

Packaging

 

The illustrated wooden box has a capacity of 2 rounds, with an estimated gross weight of about 77kg (169 lbs).  On one end of the packing box (not shown in the above drawing) are stenciled markings pertaining to the primer.  These markings identifiy the primer by type, lot number, year of manufacture, and manufacturing plant.
 

Note.  The dimensions on the above drawing have not been verified.
 
 
 

Next time: 107mm Projectiles